Cairo

Cairo is the capital of the Arab Republic of Egypt and the most important cities at all, has a population of Cairo city of 7,787,000 people, according to 2007 statistics, representing 10.73% of the total population of Egypt, in Cairo, while the number of major population 20 million and a half million people. Inhabited by more than a quarter of the population of Egypt's population of 91 at home and abroad million and 475 thousand and 426 people, according to Census 2012, the population density of up to more than 15 thousand people per square kilometer, and called the name of a historic city of a thousand minarets of the many mosques. Was founded by several cities and to be the capital, the commander Muizz to open the Cairo after the foundations of the Fatimid state, has the essence of Sicilian year 358 AH (969 AD) built a wall around the three cities and the designation of the three cities of Cairo, and includes the city of Cairo Fustat, founded by Amr ibn al-Aas year 20 AH, the military and the city founded by Saleh bin Ali Abbasi year 132 AH, and the city Alktaea founded by Ahmed ibn Tulun in 256 AH, in addition to the neighborhoods that have occurred after the reign of Salah al-Din and even now. Cairo is Africa's largest and most populous city in Africa and the Middle East. It is the city of the province, that is, they occupy the entire area of ​​the province and one city, and at the same time constitute the province of the big city alone. In spite of being the city is the largest but it is one of the smaller provinces of Egypt as mayor. There is also what is known as the Greater Cairo, a semi-official administrative entity includes in addition to the city / town of Cairo, Giza governorate and some of its suburbs and Shubra from Assiut governorate in addition to the former provinces of Helwan and Sixth of October.

History .. 

  I knew the name of the Pharaonic era of Navarre any beautiful port city of the sun and its suburb (hieroglyphs: Online and in Greek: Heliopolis). And is considered the capital of unified Egypt since the King Narmer alone since 3200 years BC. For different periods of time, but since the opening of the Arabs, led by Egypt, Amr ibn al-Aas, a capital. Night portrait of Saladin Citadel in ancient Egypt is the city of Cairo from more Middle cities which accounted for writing and history where dubbed "the jewel of the East", because the age of Cairo more than a thousand years much, Vhoahid history confirms that the place of this city was the capital of Egypt, in the most periods of its history, in the extended across about 200 centuries Cairo was broad sense is the capital of Egypt, with some due to take Cairo, capital of the year 98 AD, when the sons of Babylon, which is its remnants still exist even now fort and when Amr ibn al-Aas came to open Egypt established a new capital Fustat near of the fort, and then established a military town that followed Alktaea Tulunid capital of the state in Egypt, and Cairo has established in the era of the Fatimid Caliph Muizz, which still bears the same name until today. Some famous names to Cairo: City Million minaret (so named for the ancient travelers frequent the mosques built in) and the city of Egypt unguarded and Islamic Cairo ...

Geography .. 

  Cairo is located on the sides of the Nile River Islands in the north of Egypt, immediately south east of the point where the Nile River valley and leaves confined to the desert is divided into two branches within the Nile Delta region low. The oldest part of the city is located east of the river. There, the city published a gradual westward, and built this western part of the city of Paris model by the ruler of Egypt, Khedive Ismail in the mid-nineteenth century, and which characterize the vast neighborhoods, public parks, and open areas. The older eastern section of the city after that differed greatly expanded randomly over the centuries, and is filled with small roads and crowded buildings. While filled with western Cairo government by buildings and modern architecture, and has become the most important part in Cairo, while the eastern half is which contains the city's history through the ages because there are its mosques and churches obsolete buildings relics and old landmarks, with the knowledge that there oriental expansions also after the ancient city and Example on the Nasr City district which is one of the most important, the largest and most expensive neighborhoods in Cairo. And comprehensive water systems also allowed the city eastward expansion into the desert, and there are bridges linking the Nile Islands Bashatrih east and west to Giza, and where there are many government buildings and the offices of government officials, crossing bridges Nile is also a link to the city on the outskirts of Giza and Imbaba (part of Greater Cairo). West Giza - in the desert - no part of Memphis, the ancient cemetery on the Giza plateau where the pyramids of Giza and the three Sphinx, and within 11 miles (18 km) south of Cairo, the modern site of the ancient Egyptian city of Memphis and the cemetery adjacent to Saqqara, and these cities, and other previous cities Cairo city located somewhere ...

Climate .. 

  Characterized Cairo climate higher temperature during the summer months and coldness during the winter months, the average daily range of temperature in July (summer) between 37 ° m the highest temperature and 21 ° m lowest temperature, while the average daily range during the month of January (winter ) between 17 ° m and the highest temperature 6 ° m lowest temperature. So breeze Nile River during the summer months leading role in the low temperature in Cairo. However, moving large numbers of the population of Cairo to the various resorts of Egypt, which come in the forefront of the city of Alexandria (Resort Egypt first), Ismailia resort closest to Cairo, where the distance between Cairo and beyond, Ismailia 122 km, and the city of Port Said Mediterranean (one of the cities with a European-style channel ), Cairo and exposed sometimes gusts sirocco during the period between March and June, the months, the winds of working to raise the average temperature by up to 14 ° of a sudden, they also reduce the moisture in the air to the ratio does not exceed 10%, and suffers Cairo residents frequently of fine dust particles originating Mokattam hills and Red mountain, during periods of activity and surface wind movement until it was planting hillsides referred to ...

Architecture .. 

  Varies buildings constructed model in the city of Cairo, located in area Alqrivrh dramatically to reflect the historical period in which they constructed it. It abounds historic buildings with beautiful design and mashrabiyya wooden gates huge (wooden windows tight mesh design) constructed during periods of the Fatimids and the Mamluks, which abound in the neighborhoods ancient Egypt, especially Al-Hussein and Al-Azhar and Sayeda Zeinab and the door of the noodles and Darb al-Ahmar and the Caliph. From there, the historic palaces dating back to periods of Islamic rule and the most beautiful palace Sakakini ratio praising Sakakini Pasha, who was named Ocean neighborhood palace in his name, and Islamic architecture in Cairo Ali began the hands of Amr ibn al-Aas who conquered Egypt in the era of Caliph Omar ibn al-Khattab year (18 e - 639 m) and ordered the Caliph to build the first mosque in Egypt mosque which Amr ibn al-Aas mosque in Fustat, who was known in the past on behalf of the mosque the old, and the most important role constructed since the Islamic conquest of Egypt Dar Amr ibn al-Aas city of Fustat was located about four meters from the north side east of the University known, and was topped by a gilded dome, and this house was very spacious even named after the city dubbed as Golden Palace and the name has become a home for the Emirate even destroyed by the fire, which was caused by Marwan II during his escape, in addition to the Prince Mohamed Ali Palace in Manial. It is the ancient palaces of excellence in Cairo Palace Baron Empain founder of Heliopolis neighborhood (Heliopolis), a breathtaking palace was built on the Indian model. Cairo is known for a long time the city of a thousand minarets of the many mosques dating back to different historical eras starting from the Muslim conquest of Egypt around the year 22 AH 0.642 m when opened Amr ibn al-Aas and built the famous mosque known his name so far in Fustat. An approach that was pursued by a lot of Egypt's rulers who built many mosques with unique forms in Islamic architecture, such as Ahmad Ibn Tulun Mosque, which was the custody of the first beautiful stage and clear in the history of Islamic art in Egypt, has its qualities and its features has also built his palace and fired on him and the field play Alsoaljh name "field," was his rock under which held above the Citadel of Saladin, "Ramla field" in the south-east of the palace, and the Mosque of Sultan Hassan mosque Bey, who is considered Bey Group of Eastern Balaqrafah of opus and the most beautiful architectural groups in Egypt, the Islamic and due importance to Total beauty coordinate ..

Tourism .. 

  Cairo city tour medium-rattling where multiple out all the tourist manifestations which may require visiting there archaeological sites that date back to the era of the pharaohs and the old city walls dating back to the Islamic era, Islamic sites, Christianity and Judaism existed since different Egypt entry religions, regions and cultural areas, shopping famous and there are hundreds of palaces, mosques, churches and historic gates of ancient buildings from different eras in addition to places of art, theaters and Cairo Opera House and the other, therefore spreading in Cairo, a large number of hotels and accommodations that may exceed the numbers that there may be an entire small country, the following are some of the most important tourist sites in Cairo ... 

Designed current Egyptian Museum in 1896, by the French architect Marcel ORNON, classic updated and that fits with the old classic pattern effects, but it does not compete with the ancient Egyptian architecture that still exists, and it should be noted that the spacious interior halls and high walls. The natural light enters through the glass panels on the roof and windows in the ground floor. The Central Museum lobby is the highest part of the home where the effects presented as they were found in ancient temples. Has been taken into account in the building that includes any future expansions, as commensurate with the ease of movement of visitors to the requirements of the hall again, this has been distributed effects on two floors, the basement of which contains a heavy effects such as stone sarcophagi, statues, paintings and wall reliefs. The upper floor Faihoa performances with specific topics such as manuscripts and statues of the gods and the royal mummies and the effects of daily life and images of mummies and sculptures unfinished statues and utensils Greco-Roman period and the effects of private beliefs of other life and other features of the Egyptian perched Tahrir Square Museum in the heart of Cairo since 1906 to the largest collection of Egyptian antiquities old is estimated at about 136 thousand Pharaonic effect, in addition to the hundreds of thousands of effects found in stores, but the most important is what distinguishes the golden mask chamber of King Tutankhamen treasures, the museum is the most crowded rooms. And the current museum building was one of the oldest buildings in the world in the use of reinforced concrete, and now under construction next to the Grand Egyptian Museum in Giza pyramids area so as to facilitate the visitors and shorten the distance between the museum and the pyramids ...